Risk Factors Associated with Mental Health among Construction Workers at PT PP (Persero) Tbk in the KH Mohammad Thohir Regional General Hospital Project, Lampung

Abstract

This study investigates the risk factors associated with mental health among construction workers at the RSUD KH Mohammad Thohir project, Lampung. A cross-sectional approach was applied involving 135 workers selected through total sampling. Data were collected using validated questionnaires, including Job Demands–Resources indicators and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the relationship between job demands, job resources, work duration, working hours, and mental health status. The results showed that more than half of the workers (51,9%) experienced mental health problems. Job demands demonstrated a significant relationship with mental health (p = 0,001), where workers with high job demands had a higher proportion of psychological distress (68,9%). Job resources were also significantly related to mental health (p = 0,000), with low job resources increasing the likelihood of mental health issues. Working hours and work duration showed borderline and significant associations, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that education, job resources, and job demands were the most influential predictors of mental health. The study concludes that psychosocial work conditions play an essential role in influencing workers’ psychological well-being, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to improve mental health outcomes among construction workers.